A cobfobation of con



RM Dec. 31, 1929 I UNITED" STATES PATENT orrie a am I. owns, or .racxson nnion'rs, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB To 'rnnnauoa'ruox cnmncal. :12am, or nauoa'rucx, CONNECTICUT, a coaromrxou or 0onmlcncur I amnion OI PBEPARING WATERPROOFING COMPOSITIONS AND PBODUGIS I0 Drawing. Original No. 1,856,953, dated January 24, 1928, Serial No. 28,734,!11ed Kay 7, 1985. Application for reissue filed March 26, 1928. Serial No. 350,123.

This invention'relates to a method of preparing a waterproofing composition and to.

in the arts, the use of which can be greatly extended if they can be waterproofed in a cheap and efiicient manner. For instance a large numberof products are packaged in bags made of paper or fabric, and the use of such bags is limited to materials which are not injured or aifected by moisture and atmospheric conditions, unless precautions are taken to shield them. As an example, cement has "for years been largely packaged in fabric bags but it has been necessary to carefully protect the bags of cement while in storage against access of moisture, and while it has been customary to reuse the empty bags when 5 ossible, a large proportion of them have n rendered unfit for further use by contact with moisture. Owing to the expense of such bags attempts have been made to substitute paper-ones for them, but such bags are also 7 open to the objection that they do not prevent access of moisture to the contents, and moreover the bags themmlves when subjected to moisture become weakened and liable to burst. While many articles ofa more or less hygroscopic nature such as salt, sugar, and similar materials are also being packed 1n paper bags, their contents are frequentlv in- ]ured or agglomerated by contact with moisture. Many other food products and materials which are at present packed in paper bags deteriorate to some extent when packed -in such bags, due to' the escape of volatile constituents or to the absorption of undesirable elements from the atmosphere.

An object of the invention is to provide a simple,cheap and easilywarried out method of making a waterproofing composition suitable for proofing fibrous materials such as paper and fabrics. Another object is to provl e a cheap and easily applied waterproofing compound. Another object is to provide a waterproofing compound of such a character that it will not only waterproof fibrous ma- .may be employed.

terial to which it is applied, but will also strengthen the same. Another object is to provide a waterproofing composition in the form of a water dispersion so that the material to be proofed can be treated merely by coatin with the dispersion and drying.

Fora etailed disclosure of the nature and objects of the invention reference is had to the'accompariying specification and claims.

Without intention to limit the invention otherwisethan as required by theprior art, it consists broadly in dispersing a heavy metal saponification product in a water dispersion of rubber, with 01' without the addition of filling material and coloring if desired. In

some cases there may be added to the product thus obtained a water emulsion of an oil, and where a vulcanized product is desired sulphur and a suitable accelerating ingredient or ingredients may also be included, or 1nstead a vulcanized dispersion of rubber or an aqueous dispersion of vulcanized rubber In carrying out the various resins, or with stearic, oleic or palmitic acids, for example, is mixed in dry form with a water solution of a suitable collold such as glue. These saponification products are both water insoluble and water repellent. If a filler'is to be used the dry filler and the saponification product are first mixed and then dispersed in the water solutlonof the colloid. In place of the glue any other suitable colloid such as saponin, 0888111, starch, albumin, gum Karaya, potassium or SOdllllIl oleates, etc. ma be used. The mixture thus obtained may t en be passed through a paint mill or similar machine to complete the dispersion and mixing, and the resulting prodreferred form of the invention the saponi cation product of a metal such as aluminum, zinc, or lead, wlth not then stirred into a water dis ersion of artificial rubber dispersion.

In some cases it may be desirable to add an oil, and if so this is first made up into a water emulsion and then addedto the above com-' pound. The consistency of the resulting mix may be varied as desired .by adding water.

Suitable fillers are gilders whiting, clays and talc, but any other appropriate ones may be used.

As an example of a suitable compound the following is given:

100 parts rubber as latex, 100 parts aluminum resinate, 100 parts gilders whiting, 50 parts medium spindle oil, 15 parts glue or other protective colloid.

, Another compound is as follows 100 parts rubber as latex, 10 parts aluminum resinate, 50 parts talc, 10 parts glue or other protective colloid.

, The aluminum resinate can be varied in amount or partially or wholly replaced by other heavy metal saponification products such as those previously named. The glue can also be varied somewhat in quantity or replaced by any other suitable protective colloid, or in some cases it may be omitted. The spindle oil can be Varied in amount or eliminated or replaced by other oils or so called rubber softeners such as parafin, rosin, pine, castor,cottonseed or palm oils, or cumar resin, pine or coal tar products, etc. These will vary the hardness and flexibility of the film. Sulphur can be introduced if desired to increase the dryness of the resulting film, and where a vulcanized product is preferred suitable accelerators may also be included, or instead of obtaining a vulcanized product in this manner the dispersion may be made up with the use of a vulcanized latex or other dispersion containing rubber in vulcanized form.

The cost of the treated paper or other fibrous material and other factors such as the hardness desired in the waterproofing film will determine whether or not a vulcanized product is to be made. In certain cases it may be desirable to talc or otherwise treat the proofed material.

Instead of dispersing the heavy metal saponification product with a colloid it may be mixed into water directly and suitably dispersed, as by the use of a colloid mill or paint mill, and preferably in the presence of an alkali. If fillers are to be added they are preferably first mixed dry with the heavy metal saponification product and then dispersed as above-stated. The resulting procluct 1s mixed with the rubber dispersion, and

a if mineral oil or its equivalent is to be used paper.

this may then be added in emulsified form;

or instead the emulsified mineral oil or its equivalent may first be added to'the rubber dispersion and the water dispersion of the heavy metal soap added last.

While the invention is not limited in its nature and is applicable to various fabrics and other fibrous mate ials, it has been found particularly suitable for waterproofing Paper bags for Portland cement, which have been'proofed according to the above invention on a standard coating machine have been found very satisfactory in service, and it has been foundthat' paper proofed according to the invention Wlthstood the pressure of a columnv of water 22 high withoutpenetration. The compound may be easily applied with a simple ing. Since the compound is in the form of a water dispersion there are no noxious vapors to be taken care of during the drying operation, nor any risk of fire due to the giving off of inflammable vapors. If one of the socalled cold curing accelerators is emplayed where a vulcanized article is desired, the vulcanization may then be obtalned at ordinary temperatures or temperatures considerably below the usual hot vulcan1zation temperatures. In'addition to the above advantages the product of the invention whether vulcanized or unvulcanizedhas excellent ageing properties. -As an instance when Kraft paper was coated with the compound given in the first example and aged in a hot air oven for 100 hours at 155 F. the coating was found to be in excellent condition and free from tackiness. It will be seen that by the invention asimple, cheap and efficient process has been devised for making a waterproofing compound for fibrous material, and the product of the process is simply, easily and cheaply applied to the material to be proofed, with a resultant proofed material which is not only moisture proof but is also considerably strengthened. With the above detailed disclosure of the invention it is evident that numerous modifications will suggest themselves tothose skilled in the art, and it is not desired to limit the appended claims. I

Having thus described my inventlon what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

position which comprises mixing an aqueous dispersion of rubber, water and oil in the presence of a water repellent saponification product. p

2. The method of making a rubber composition which comprises mixing an aqueous dispersion of rubber, water and oil in the presence of an insoluble heavy metal saponificati'on product.

3. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing an insoluble heavy metal saponification product in a water dispersion of rubber.

4. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing-a waer insoluble and a water repellent saponifica-1 1. The method of making a rubber comtion aroduct in a water dispersion of rubber. 5. he method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing a water insoluble and water repellent heavy metal saponification product in a rubber latex.

6. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing a heavy metal saponificationproduct in dry form in awater dispersionof a colloid, and mixin the dispersion with a water dispersion rubber.

' 7. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises mixing a filler and a heavy metal saponification product in dry form, and dispersin the mixture in a water dispersion of a col oid, mixing the result ng product with a water dispersion of rubber, and then mixing with a water dispersion of an oil.

8. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises dispersing a water insoluble metallic. saponification product in dry form inja water dispersion of a C0ll0ld, and mixin the dispersion with a water dispersion 0 rubber. 9. The method of making a waterproofng compound which comprises dispersing a heavy metal resinate in a water dispersion of acolloid, mixing the dispersion with a water 7 dlspersion of rubber and mixing the resulting product with a water dispersion of an .01. g 10. The method of making a wa terproofing comnpound which comprises dispersin a heavy etal saponification roduct in dry form in'a water dispersion o glue, and mixing the; dispersion with a water dispersion of r11 ber.

11;The method of making a waterproofmg compound which; comprises mixing a filler and a heavy metal saponification prod-- not in dry form, dispersing the mixture in a water dispersion of glue, stirring the re sulting mix into a water dispersion of rubber, and mixing this product with a water dispersion of an oil. 12, The method of making a waterproofl ing compound which comprises dispersing aluminum resinate in dry form in a water dispersion of a colloid, and-mixing the dispersion with a water dispersion of rubber.

.13. The method of making a waterproof- I ing compound which comprises dispersing 55 aluminum resinate in a water dispersion of glue, then mixing with a water dis ersion of rubber, and mixing the result wit a water dispersion of an 011.

. 14. The method of making a waterproofi'ng, compound .which comprises mixing a heavy metal saponification product'with a water dispersion of a colloid, and mixing the result with rubber latex.

heavy metal resinate with a water dispersion of a colloid, mixing this product with rubber latex, and mixing the resulting product witlra water dispersion of an oil.

16. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises mixing a filler and aluminum resinate in dry form, dispersing the mix in a water dispersion of glue, and mixing the resulting product with rubber latex.

' 17. The method of making a waterproofing compound which comprises mixing a filler and aluminum resinate in dry form, dispersing the mixture in a water dispersion of glue, mixing with'rubber latex and adding the product toa water dispersion of light spindle oil.

. 18. As a new rubber product, a dispersion comprising water, oil, rubber, and a waterrepellcnt saponification product.

19. As a new rubber product, a dispersion comprising water, oil, rubber and an insoluble heavy metal saponification product.

20. As a new article, a waterproofing comound comprising a water dispersion of rubr and a water insoluble and water repellent saponification product. 7

21. As a new article, a waterproofing comound comprising a water dispersion of rubher, a heavy metal saponification product, and a colloid.

22. As a new article, a waterproofing compound comprising a water dispersion of rubber, a heavy metal resinate,.a colloid, and an oil.

23. As a new article, a waterproofing compound comprising rubber latex, a heavy metal resinate, and a colloid.

24. As a new article, a waterproofing compound comprising rubber latex, aluminum resinate and glue.

25. As a new article, a waterproofing comound comprising a water dispersion of ruber, a filler, a heavy metal saponification product, a colloid, and-an oil.

26. As a new article, a waterproofing com pound comprising a water dispersion of rubber, a filler, a heavy metal resinate, a colloid,

and an oil.

27. As-a' new article, a waterproofing com pound. comprising rubber latex, a filler, aluminum resinate, lue,'a.nd light s indle oil. Signedat New ork, county of ew York, and State of New York, this 25th day of March, 1929. I

- ALLEN F. OWEN.-

15. The method of making a waterproof I 65 ing compound which comprises mixing a 

